cross-posted from: https://piefed.world/c/private/p/1471349/heres-what-telegram-giving-data-to-the-u-s-government-looks-like
Source: Legal Document.
The case this document surfaced in centers around Mahmoud Amin Ya’qub Al-Muhtadi, who allegedly participated in the October 7 attacks against Israel.

You seem to be confused about what Signal protects against, or claims to protect against.
None of the items from your list apply. Maybe you’re confusing it with another distributed solution with peers connected through anonymous transport.